Which of the following glands is responsible for stimulating growth and controlling other endocrine glands?

The pituitary gland is often referred to as the "master gland" of the endocrine system due to its pivotal role in regulating various hormonal functions throughout the body. It is located at the base of the brain and produces several hormones that influence growth, metabolism, and the activity of other endocrine glands.

One of its key functions is to secrete growth hormone, which is essential for growth and development in children and helps regulate body composition, muscle, and bone growth in adults. Additionally, the pituitary gland controls the release of hormones from other glands, such as the thyroid gland and adrenal glands, effectively coordinating multiple functions across the endocrine system.

This central role in both stimulating growth and regulating other glands underscores why the pituitary gland is the correct answer. The other glands listed play important roles in their respective functions, but none are as integral to the overall regulation of endocrine activities as the pituitary gland.